Umbanda - Perpetuation Of Racial And Social Segregation In Brazil

Umbanda : Perpetuation of Racial and Social Segregation in brazilBrazil and Afro-BraziliansBrazil has a surface area of 8 .5 million square kilometers and is the one-fifth largestcountry in the world . The Portugese colonized Brazil in 1500 and by and by solitary(prenominal) 3 decades , beganthe African slave trade from Angola , Mozambique and the gulf of Guinea The relationshipof power , patronage and exploitation began in the sugarcane plantations where African slavesworked the fields of their etiolate masters . For generations Afro-Brazilians were subjected tothis unequal societal structure until the abolition of slavery in 1888 More than three hundred years ofslave trade led to the exponential growth of Brazilians of African descent . The highest Afro-Brazilian populations are located in the Northeast and selenium where sugarcane plantationswere customary . Bahia and Rio De Janeiro are in these areas . Today Brazil has the secondlargest black population in the world , second only only to Nigeria (United NationsCommission on Human Rights , 1995 . With the growth of the Afro-Brazilian populationcame the growth and dust of African world view , culture , music , art language , skills ghostlike beliefs and cult practices . These beliefs and practices were not isolated to Afro-Brazilian communities but sop up spread to the collective consciousness of all Brazilians --blacks , whites or mullatos (of white and African descent ) alikeLevine raises a question that triggers much reflectivity on the interlocking issues ofrace and religion in Brazil . An all-important(a) question about the impact of Afro-Brazilianreligion among the poor , who mostly are non-white (or , in the term increasingly used inBrazil , negro , is whether these forms of religious expression inhibit (or contribute to ) thedevelopment of autonomous racial pluck (Levine , 1994UmbandaIn a hillside community in Rio de Janeiro , the sounds of Conga drums or atabaquesand metrical chanting resonate in the village .

These chants are utter to be taught by thespirits themselves and are usually on the themes of cartel , charity , and the stories of the spiritsand deities . Ritual offerings to the saints and deities are made - cheap vino , cider , chickenspopcorn . Any food and beverage will be offered to the deity . In one corner , peopleare engaged instauration rites . In another section , devotees are involved in divination activitieswhich include reading of playing cards or tarot cards , or reading small ocean shells or jogo debuzios juxtaposed in a particular office . All in the hope to find answers and resolution to theirquestions and problems . solid prayers or rezas fortes are shared People seekingresolutions for their problems get their advice by means of these activities . The feverish chantingcontinues until some people enter a tour and become possessed by the spirits . Themediums take in the personas of the deities and the rites continue with even heightenedmusic and chanting . These spirit possessions are common place in Umbanda rituals . Anatmosphere of animal sacrifice , drinking , singing , spirit possession frenzied behavior ofAfro-Brazilians -- this was the early ritual practice of the Umbanda of Brazil (Brown...If you want to get a dear essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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